Most extraditions to India of economic offenders, data shows

India's extradition efforts since 2002 have primarily targeted economic offenders, according to a report published in The Hindu on 29 October 2025.

The analysis reveals that 35% of cases involve crimes like fraud and forgery.

Terrorism-related offences account for 27.5%, while murders make up 21.3%.

Spike in recent extradition requests

The data highlights a recent surge in India's extradition pursuits.

In 2024, India made 39 requests—the highest number in five years.

This marks a notable increase from previous years, reflecting heightened focus on cross-border crime.

Leading source countries for extraditions

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) emerges as the top source, with 25 cases since 2002.

The United States follows with 12 cases.

Other significant contributors include the UK, Canada, and Thailand.

These countries host large Indian diaspora communities, often linked to economic migration.

Breakdown of crime categories

Economic offences dominate the extradition landscape.

Fraud, money laundering, and forgery constitute the bulk of the 35% share.

Terrorism cases, at 27.5%, include high-profile instances like those involving Khalistani separatists.

Murders represent 21.3%, often tied to organised crime or personal disputes abroad.

The remaining cases involve drug trafficking, arms smuggling, and other serious crimes.

Historical context and trends

Since 2002, India has pursued over 200 extraditions worldwide.

The upward trend in requests began in 2019, coinciding with stricter financial laws like the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act.

2024's 39 requests surpass 2023's 32 and 2022's 28.

This reflects improved international cooperation through treaties and diplomatic channels.

Challenges in extradition processes

Despite the numbers, extraditions remain complex.

Legal hurdles, political sensitivities, and human rights concerns often delay proceedings.

For instance, cases from Western countries like the US involve lengthy court battles over evidence standards.

Economic offenders, being the majority, exploit safe havens with weak extradition laws.

Government response and implications

The Ministry of External Affairs has intensified efforts, signing new treaties with countries like the UAE.

Officials note: "Economic fugitives form the largest category, as they flee with public money."

The data underscores India's push for global accountability, especially post-high-profile cases like Vijay Mallya and Nirav Modi.

As extraditions rise, it signals stronger bilateral ties but also highlights the need for faster international legal frameworks.