disease

A disease is defined as a specific abnormal state that negatively impacts the structure or function of an organism, either wholly or partially, and is not a direct result of external injury. Typically, diseases are recognized as medical conditions characterized by distinct signs and symptoms. The origins of a disease can stem from external influences, such as pathogens, or from internal malfunctions. For instance, dysfunctions within the immune system can lead to a range of diseases, including various types of immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity reactions, allergies, and autoimmune conditions.